Java Calendar类
Java Calendar 是时间操作类,Calendar 抽象类定义了足够的方法,在某一特定的瞬间或日历上,提供年、月、日、小时之间的转换提供方法。
格式
Letter | Date or Time Component | Presentation | Examples |
---|---|---|---|
G | Era designator | Text | AD |
y | Year | Year | 1996; 96 |
Y | Week year | Year | 2009; 09 |
M | Month in year (context sensitive) | Month | July; Jul; 07 |
L | Month in year (standalone form) | Month | July; Jul; 07 |
w | Week in year | Number | 27 |
W | Week in month | Number | 2 |
D | Day in year | Number | 189 |
d | Day in month | Number | 10 |
F | Day of week in month | Number | 2 |
E | Day name in week | Text | Tuesday; Tue |
u | Day number of week (1 = Monday, ..., 7 = Sunday) | Number | 1 |
a | Am/pm marker | Text | PM |
H | Hour in day (0-23) | Number | 0 |
k | Hour in day (1-24) | Number | 24 |
K | Hour in am/pm (0-11) | Number | 0 |
h | Hour in am/pm (1-12) | Number | 12 |
m | Minute in hour | Number | 30 |
s | Second in minute | Number | 55 |
S | Millisecond | Number | 978 |
z | Time zone | General time zone | Pacific Standard Time; PST; GMT-08:00 |
Z | Time zone | RFC 822 time zone | -0800 |
X | Time zone | ISO 8601 time zone | -08; -0800; -08:00 |
Calendar类注意事项
Calendar 的 month 从 0 开始,也就是全年 12 个月由 0 ~ 11 进行表示。
而 Calendar.DAY_OF_WEEK 定义和值如下:
Calendar.SUNDAY = 1
Calendar.MONDAY = 2
Calendar.TUESDAY = 3
Calendar.WEDNESDAY = 4
Calendar.THURSDAY = 5
Calendar.FRIDAY = 6
Calendar.SATURDAY = 7
取值
取值当天
public String getThisToday(){ SimpleDateFormat sdf = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss"); Calendar cal = Calendar.getInstance(); cal.set(Calendar.HOUR_OF_DAY,0); cal.set(Calendar.MINUTE, 0); cal.set(Calendar.SECOND,0); String start = sdf.format(cal.getTime()); cal.set(Calendar.HOUR_OF_DAY,23); cal.set(Calendar.MINUTE, 59); cal.set(Calendar.SECOND,59); String end = sdf.format(cal.getTime()); return start+"|"+end; }
取值本周
public String getThisWeekDate(){ SimpleDateFormat sdf = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss"); Calendar ca = Calendar.getInstance(); ca.setFirstDayOfWeek(Calendar.MONDAY); ca.set(Calendar.DAY_OF_WEEK,Calendar.SUNDAY); ca.set(ca.get(Calendar.YEAR), ca.get(Calendar.MONTH),ca.get(Calendar.DATE),23,59,59); String end = sdf.format(ca.getTime()); ca.set(Calendar.DAY_OF_WEEK, Calendar.MONDAY); ca.set(Calendar.HOUR_OF_DAY,0); ca.set(Calendar.MINUTE, 0); ca.set(Calendar.SECOND,0); String start = sdf.format(ca.getTime()); return start+"|"+end; }
取值本月日期段
public String getThisMonthDate(){ SimpleDateFormat sdf = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss"); Calendar cc2 = Calendar.getInstance(); int maxMonthDay = cc2.getActualMaximum(Calendar.DAY_OF_MONTH); cc2.set(cc2.get(Calendar.YEAR), cc2.get(Calendar.MONTH),maxMonthDay,23,59,59); String end = sdf.format(cc2.getTime()); cc2.set(cc2.get(Calendar.YEAR), cc2.get(Calendar.MONTH),1,0,0,0); String start = sdf.format(cc2.getTime()); return start+"|"+end; }
实例
public static void main(String[] args) { // 字符串转换日期格式 DateFormat fmtDateTime = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss"); // 得到日期格式对象 Date date = fmtDateTime.parse(strDateMake); // 完整显示日期时间 String str = (new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss:SSS")).format(new Date()); System.out.println(str); // 创建 Calendar 对象 Calendar calendar = Calendar.getInstance(); // 初始化 Calendar 对象,但并不必要,除非需要重置时间 calendar.setTime(new Date()); // setTime 类似上面一行 // Date date = new Date(); // calendar.setTime(date); // 显示年份 int year = calendar.get(Calendar.YEAR); System.out.println("YEAR is = " + String.valueOf(year)); // 显示月份 (从0开始, 实际显示要加一) int MONTH = calendar.get(Calendar.MONTH); System.out.println("MONTH is = " + (MONTH + 1)); // 今年的第 N 天 int DAY_OF_YEAR = calendar.get(Calendar.DAY_OF_YEAR); System.out.println("DAY_OF_YEAR is = " + DAY_OF_YEAR); // 本月第 N 天 int DAY_OF_MONTH = calendar.get(Calendar.DAY_OF_MONTH); System.out.println("DAY_OF_MONTH = " + String.valueOf(DAY_OF_MONTH)); // 3小时以后 calendar.add(Calendar.HOUR_OF_DAY, 3); int HOUR_OF_DAY = calendar.get(Calendar.HOUR_OF_DAY); System.out.println("HOUR_OF_DAY + 3 = " + HOUR_OF_DAY); // 当前分钟数 int MINUTE = calendar.get(Calendar.MINUTE); System.out.println("MINUTE = " + MINUTE); // 15 分钟以后 calendar.add(Calendar.MINUTE, 15); MINUTE = calendar.get(Calendar.MINUTE); System.out.println("MINUTE + 15 = " + MINUTE); // 30分钟前 calendar.add(Calendar.MINUTE, -30); MINUTE = calendar.get(Calendar.MINUTE); System.out.println("MINUTE - 30 = " + MINUTE); // 格式化显示 str = (new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss:SS")).format(calendar.getTime()); System.out.println(str); // 重置 Calendar 显示当前时间 calendar.setTime(new Date()); str = (new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss:SS")).format(calendar.getTime()); System.out.println(str); // 创建一个 Calendar 用于比较时间 Calendar calendarNew = Calendar.getInstance(); // 设定为 5 小时以前,后者大,显示 -1 calendarNew.add(Calendar.HOUR, -5); System.out.println("时间比较:" + calendarNew.compareTo(calendar)); // 设定7小时以后,前者大,显示 1 calendarNew.add(Calendar.HOUR, +7); System.out.println("时间比较:" + calendarNew.compareTo(calendar)); // 退回 2 小时,时间相同,显示 0 calendarNew.add(Calendar.HOUR, -2); System.out.println("时间比较:" + calendarNew.compareTo(calendar)); }
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