HttpServletRequest获取真实IP地址详解
普通获取IP地址方法
request.getRemoteAddr() //输出:192.168.0.105
如果通过了 Apache,Squid等反向代理软件就不能获取到客户端的真实IP地址了。经过代理以后,由于在客户端和服务之间增加了中间层,因此服务器无法直接拿到客户端的 IP,服务器端应用也无法直接通过转发请求的地址返回给客户端。但是在转发请求的HTTP头信息中,增加了X-FORWARDED-FOR信息。用以跟踪 原有的客户端IP地址和原来客户端请求的服务器地址。
获取真实IP地址方法
public final static String getIpAddress(HttpServletRequest request) throws IOException { // 获取请求主机IP地址,如果通过代理进来,则透过防火墙获取真实IP地址 String ip = request.getHeader("X-Forwarded-For"); if (logger.isInfoEnabled()) { logger.info("getIpAddress(HttpServletRequest) - X-Forwarded-For - String ip=" + ip); } if (ip == null || ip.length() == 0 || "unknown".equalsIgnoreCase(ip)) { if (ip == null || ip.length() == 0 || "unknown".equalsIgnoreCase(ip)) { ip = request.getHeader("Proxy-Client-IP"); if (logger.isInfoEnabled()) { logger.info("getIpAddress(HttpServletRequest) - Proxy-Client-IP - String ip=" + ip); } } if (ip == null || ip.length() == 0 || "unknown".equalsIgnoreCase(ip)) { ip = request.getHeader("WL-Proxy-Client-IP"); if (logger.isInfoEnabled()) { logger.info("getIpAddress(HttpServletRequest) - WL-Proxy-Client-IP - String ip=" + ip); } } if (ip == null || ip.length() == 0 || "unknown".equalsIgnoreCase(ip)) { ip = request.getHeader("HTTP_CLIENT_IP"); if (logger.isInfoEnabled()) { logger.info("getIpAddress(HttpServletRequest) - HTTP_CLIENT_IP - String ip=" + ip); } } if (ip == null || ip.length() == 0 || "unknown".equalsIgnoreCase(ip)) { ip = request.getHeader("HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR"); if (logger.isInfoEnabled()) { logger.info("getIpAddress(HttpServletRequest) - HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR - String ip=" + ip); } } if (ip == null || ip.length() == 0 || "unknown".equalsIgnoreCase(ip)) { ip = request.getRemoteAddr(); if (logger.isInfoEnabled()) { logger.info("getIpAddress(HttpServletRequest) - getRemoteAddr - String ip=" + ip); } } } else if (ip.length() > 15) { String[] ips = ip.split(","); for (int index = 0; index < ips.length; index++) { String strIp = (String) ips[index]; if (! ("unknown".equalsIgnoreCase(strIp))) { ip = strIp; break; } } } return ip; }
HttpServletRequest在有多层代理情况下获取真实IP,那么X-Forwarded-For的值并不止一个,而是一串IP值,是取X-Forwarded-For中第一个非unknown的有效IP字符串就是真实的客户请求地址。
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